Extra time is what happens when a knockout match ends level after 90 minutes. The teams play two additional periods of 15 minutes each, with a short break in between. If it is still tied, a penalty shootout decides the result.
The Format
Extra time consists of two 15-minute halves, making 30 additional minutes of play. Teams change ends at half time of extra time, just as they do at half time of normal time. Substitutions from the original match count against the team's allocation — but the rules at major tournaments typically allow one additional substitute specifically for extra time.
Golden Goal Is Gone
FIFA briefly experimented with the 'golden goal' rule, where the first team to score in extra time won immediately. It was used at the 1998 and 2002 World Cups. It has since been abolished — both periods of 15 minutes are now played out in full regardless of whether a goal is scored. The last golden goal in a World Cup was in 2002.
Fatigue and Tactics
Players who have run 10+ miles in 90 minutes are pushed further in extra time. The physical and psychological toll is enormous. Teams that go ahead in extra time often adopt defensive tactics — dropping deep and running down the clock — knowing they just need to hold out for 15 more minutes rather than an extra 30.
WC26 knockout rounds will use the standard extra time format. With 104 total matches and a compressed schedule, player fatigue management is a major concern for national team coaches. Expect rotation in the group stage from top teams specifically to preserve energy for extra time scenarios in the knockouts.
